June 2025

The 65th edition of the TOP500 showed that the El Capitan system retains the No. 1 position. With El Capitan, Frontier, and Aurora, there are now 3 Exascale systems leading the TOP500. All three are installed at Department of Energy (DOE) laboratories in the United States.

The El Capitan system at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, remains the No. 1 system on the TOP500. The HPE Cray EX255a system was measured with 1.742 EFlop/s on the HPL benchmark. LLNL now also submitted a measurement for the HPCG benchmark, achieving 17.41 Petaflop/s, which makes the system the new No. 1 on this ranking as well.

El Capitan has 11,039,616 cores and is based on AMD 4th generation EPYC processors with 24 cores at 1.8 GHz and AMD Instinct MI300A accelerators. It uses the HPE Slingshot interconnect for data transfer and achieves an energy efficiency of 60.3 Gigaflops/watt. El Capitan is the 3rd system exceeding the Exaflop mark on the HPL benchmark.

The Frontier system at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, is the No. 2 system on the TOP500. Frontier has been remeasured with an HPL score of 1.353 EFlop/s.  

Frontier is based on the HPE Cray EX235a architecture and is equipped with AMD 3rd generation EPYC 64C 2GHz processors. The system has 8,699,904 total cores and also relies on HPE Slingshot interconnect for data transfer.  

The Aurora system at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, Illinois, was submitted with 1.012 EFlop/s on the HPL benchmark, which keeps it in the No. 3 spot on the TOP500. 

Aurora is built by Intel based on the HPE Cray EX - Intel Exascale Compute Blade, which uses Intel Xeon CPU Max Series processors and Intel Data Center GPU Max Series accelerators, which communicate through HPE Slingshot interconnect.

The JUPITER Booster system at the EuroHPC / Jülich Supercomputing Centre in Germany at No. 4 is the only new system in the TOP 10. 

JUPITER - JU Pioneer for Innovative and Transformative Exascale Research – was announced as the first EuroHPC exascale supercomputer (see https://jupiter.fz-juelich.de). It is currently being commissioned and has achieved a preliminary HPL value of 793.4 Petaflop/s on a partial system. The system is located at the Forschungszentrum Jülich campus in Germany and is operated by the Jülich Supercomputing Centre. It is based on the Eviden’s BullSequana XH3000 direct liquid-cooled architecture.

Rank System Cores Rmax (PFlop/s) Rpeak (PFlop/s) Power (kW)
1 El Capitan - HPE Cray EX255a, AMD 4th Gen EPYC 24C 1.8GHz, AMD Instinct MI300A, Slingshot-11, TOSS, HPE
DOE/NNSA/LLNL
United States
11,039,616 1,742.00 2,746.38 29,581
2 Frontier - HPE Cray EX235a, AMD Optimized 3rd Generation EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X, Slingshot-11, HPE Cray OS, HPE
DOE/SC/Oak Ridge National Laboratory
United States
9,066,176 1,353.00 2,055.72 24,607
3 Aurora - HPE Cray EX - Intel Exascale Compute Blade, Xeon CPU Max 9470 52C 2.4GHz, Intel Data Center GPU Max, Slingshot-11, Intel
DOE/SC/Argonne National Laboratory
United States
9,264,128 1,012.00 1,980.01 38,698
4 JUPITER Booster - BullSequana XH3000, GH Superchip 72C 3GHz, NVIDIA GH200 Superchip, Quad-Rail NVIDIA InfiniBand NDR200, RedHat Enterprise Linux, EVIDEN
EuroHPC/FZJ
Germany
4,801,344 793.40 930.00 13,088
5 Eagle - Microsoft NDv5, Xeon Platinum 8480C 48C 2GHz, NVIDIA H100, NVIDIA Infiniband NDR, Microsoft Azure
Microsoft Azure
United States
2,073,600 561.20 846.84
6 HPC6 - HPE Cray EX235a, AMD Optimized 3rd Generation EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X, Slingshot-11, RHEL 8.9, HPE
Eni S.p.A.
Italy
3,143,520 477.90 606.97 8,461
7 Supercomputer Fugaku - Supercomputer Fugaku, A64FX 48C 2.2GHz, Tofu interconnect D, Fujitsu
RIKEN Center for Computational Science
Japan
7,630,848 442.01 537.21 29,899
8 Alps - HPE Cray EX254n, NVIDIA Grace 72C 3.1GHz, NVIDIA GH200 Superchip, Slingshot-11, HPE Cray OS, HPE
Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS)
Switzerland
2,121,600 434.90 574.84 7,124
9 LUMI - HPE Cray EX235a, AMD Optimized 3rd Generation EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X, Slingshot-11, HPE
EuroHPC/CSC
Finland
2,752,704 379.70 531.51 7,107
10 Leonardo - BullSequana XH2000, Xeon Platinum 8358 32C 2.6GHz, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 64 GB, Quad-rail NVIDIA HDR100 Infiniband, EVIDEN
EuroHPC/CINECA
Italy
1,824,768 241.20 306.31 7,494